Volume 12, Num 3 article 35

Spectral Domain Approach Of Multilayered Superconducting Microstrip Line Using a New Set of Edge-Conditioned Basis Functions

F. Z. Siaba, M. L. Riabi, M. T. Benhabiles

A new set of edge-conditioned basis functions is used to determine the dispersion properties of microstrip line. Since An alternative formulation of the spectral domain approach (SDA) method presented for high-temperature superconducting microstrip line Green’s function derivation. The method relies on reflection factor rather than the transverse impedance used in the immittance approach. The inner products is involved in the Galerkin procedure are pole-free. The numerical examples are presented and close agreement is obtained between simulated and published data.

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Keyword: Spectral domain approach, Galerkin procedure, Raised Cosine, high-temperature superconducting.

Département d’Electronique, Université Mentouri, Constantine 25000, algeria
E-mail: si_fati @yahoo.fr

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 36

Investigation Of Pores Influence on Dielectric Constant Value in Low k Materials Using Monte Carlo Method

Leila Bouledjnib and Salah Sahli

This paper investigates the pores influence on dielectric constant of low-k materials. Cylindrical, hexagonal and cubic pores shapes have been investigated using Monte-Carlo Method. Mixture composed of matrix and cylindrical pores presents the low dielectric constant with minimum of porosity. Moreover, new formula concerning volume scale transformation is proposed for making the usual mixing rules based on two phases more useful to predict the dielectric constant value in mixture composed for different pores shapes. To assess the performance of this new approach, Lichtenecker and Volume Average Theory mixing rules have been used through classical models and applying volume scale transformation. The obtained results show the success of volume scale transformation method. The proposed technique may have the potential in analyzing other properties such as electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity in porous ultra low-k dielectrics.

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Keyword: Low k, Pores Shape, Mixing Rules, Monte-Carlo Method.

Université Mentouri de Constantine, Laboratoire de Microsystèmes et Instrumentation (LMI), Faculté des Sciences de l'Ingénieur, Constantine, Algeria
Email: leilatyy@hotmail.com.

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 37

Generation-Recombination noise analysis in ungated HEMT structure to determinate the activation energy and capture cross-section of traps

S. Mouetsi1,2,*, A. El Hdiy2, M. Bouchemat1

Low frequency noise of ungated GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electron gas (2 DEG) heterostructure grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) was investigated over a wide range of temperatures from 4 K to 300 K. In the frequency range from 1 Hz to 100 KHz, noise power spectral densities (PSD) can be described as superposition of flicker noise, thermal noise and several generation-recombination (G-R) noise components. The temperature dependence of the (G-R) noise arising from the traps was used to deduce the thermal activation energies and cross sections. The present results are compared to those of the literature to identify the physico-chemical nature of traps responsible of the G-R noise.

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Keyword: GaAs/AlGaAs, 2DEG, low frequency noise, G-R noise, activation energy, cross section, traps.

1 Laboratoire de Microsystème et Instrumentation (LMI), Université Mentouri, Constantine. Algeria.
2 Laboratoire de Microscopies et d’Etude de Nanostructures (EA 3799), Université de Reims, Champagne-Ardenne, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.
*E-mail: souheil25m@yahoo.fr

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 38

Electrical and structural characterisation of plasma-polymerized TEOS thin films as humidity sensors

N. Guermat1,a, A. Bellel1, S. Sahli2, Y. Segui3 and P. Raynaud3

In this study, we used plasma polymerization of TEOS to deposit thin water molecule sensitive layers on two intredigitated aluminum electrodes evaporated on glass substrate. Electrical and structural analyses of the deposited sensitive layers have been evaluated through current-impedance responses and FTIR spectroscopy. The elaborated humidity resistive sensor exhibited a detectable response to relative humidity (RH) percentages ranging from 20 to 95%. The films showed good sensitivity to water molecule due to the presence of hydroxyl groups OH. These groups provide the adsorption sites for water and play an important role to the humidity sensor properties. The low impedance, good sensitivity as characterized by a linear change in impedance from 106 to 103 Ω over RH interval of 20–80% and low observed hysteresis of about 4%, make the elaborated layer a promising candidate for humidity sensors development.

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1 Laboratoire des Etudes de Matériaux d’Electronique pour Applications Médicales (LEMEAMED), Faculté des Sciences de l’Ingénieur,
   Université Mentouri de Constantine 25000 Algeria
2 Laboratoire de Microsystèmes et Instrumentation (LMI), Faculté des Science de l’Ingénieur, Université Mentouri de Constantine 25000, Algeria
3 Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d’Energie (LAPLACE), Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne - 31062 Toulouse – France
a Email: g_noubeil@yahoo.fr

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 39

Modelling and Optimization of GaAs used in mechanically stacked solar cells

M. Khalis1, A. Amine1, Y. Mir, M. Zazoui1,*, J. Hemine1, A. Nafidi2

Different approaches have been made in order to reach higher efficiencies. Concepts for multilayer solar cells have been developed. This can be realised if multiple individual single junction solar cells with different, suitably chosen band gaps are connected in series in multi-junction solar cells.
In our work, we have simulated and optimized solar cells based on the system mechanically stacked using computer modelling and predict their maximum performance. The structures of solar cells are based on the single junction Si, Ge and GaAs cells. We have simulated each cell individually and extracted their optimal parameters (thickness, concentration, the recombination velocity…..), also, we calculated the efficiency of each cells optimized by separation of the solar spectrum in bands where the cell is sensible for the absorption. The optimal values of physical parameters giving the best current of short-circuit and voltages of open circuit as well high conversion efficiency have obtained for the two solar materials and tandem.

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1 Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Mohammedia, University of Hassan II-Mohammedia, B.P. 146, Bd. Hassan II- Mohammedia, Morocco.
2 Condensed Matter Physics Group, Faculty of Sciences-Agadir, University of Ibn Zohr, B.P. 32/S, Agadir, Morocco.
* Corresponding author: zazouimimoun@yahoo.fr

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 40

Surface Potential Decay of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Films under Different Corona Discharge Conditions

Zehira Ziari and Salah Sahli1,*, Azzedine Bellel2

The surface potential decay on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) has been studied after negative charge deposition by corona effect as a function of initial potential Vo and charging time tc. It was found that the decay rate increases with initial potential and charging time. For high charging level, cross over phenomenon has been observed. Surface potential profile has been recorded with two different charging levels. The surface potential profile indicates the absence of lateral migration of charges along the free surface of the LDPE film and the presence of the hollow for high initial potential, which makes the bulk conduction mechanisms caused by charge injection into the LDPE film bulk, responsible for the observed surface potential decay.

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Keyword: Corona charging, Injection, LDPE, Surface potential decay.

1 Université Mentouri de Constantine, Laboratoire de Microsystèmes et Instrumentation (LMI), Faculté des Sciences de l'Ingénieur, Constantine, Algeria
2 Université Mentouri de Constantine, Laboratoire d’Etude des Matériaux Electroniques pour Applications Médicales (LEMEAMED), Faculté des Sciences de l'Ingénieur,
   Constantine, Algeria
* Email: zziari_zahira@yahoo.fr

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 41

Mobility Dependence on Electric Field in Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE)

Zehira Ziari1,*, Salah Sahli1 and Azzedine Bellel2

The surface potential decay evolutions with time after negative corona discharge of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) have been recorded for different charging levels. It was observed that there was a significant increase in the surface potential decay rate with the increase of charging levels. Electrical conduction characteristics in LDPE have been investigated as a function of electric fields strength. It is found that the mobility of LDPE increases with the increase of electric field and the conduction mechanism is governed by the hopping process of injected carriers between localized trapping centers. A deep trap separation of 3.2 nm, corresponding to 3.1019 traps/cm3 has been found.

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Keyword: Carrier mobility, Charge transport, Conduction mechanism, Hopping conduction, Poole-Frenkel mechanism.

1 Université Mentouri de Constantine, Laboratoire de Microsystèmes et Instrumentation (LMI), Faculté des Sciences de l'Ingénieur, Constantine, Algeria
2 Université Mentouri de Constantine, Laboratoire d’Etude des Matériaux Electroniques pour Applications Médicales (LEMEAMED), Faculté des Sciences de l'Ingénieur,
  Constantine, Algeria
* Email: zziari_zahira@yahoo.fr

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 42

RF Power Effect On Structural Characteristics Of Amorphous Carbon Nitride Thin Films Deposited By Reactive Radiofrequency Sputtering

A. Essafti1,*, J.L.G. Fierro2, E. Ech-chamikh

Amorphous carbon nitride thin films were deposited, at room temperature, on silicon substrates by reactive radiofrequency (RF) sputtering from a graphite target in an atmosphere of nitrogen. The structural properties were investigated by Raman spectroscopy. This spectroscopy reveals the presence of C–C, C=C, C=N and C≡N bonding types. The Raman intensity (ID/IG) ratio of disorder and graphitic bands increased from 1.29 to 2.67 with increasing the RF power from 100 to 400W indicating an increase of structural disorder.

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Keyword: amorphous carbon nitride, thin films, reactive radiofrequency sputtering, Raman spectroscopy, structural disorder.

1 Laboratoire de Physique des Solides et des Couches Minces, Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences – Semlalia –, Université Cadi Ayyad,
   B.P. 2390, 40000 Marrakech, Morocco.
2 ICP, CSIC, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 43

Electrical Properties Of Schottky Diodes Based On Poly
(O-Toluidine) Deposited By Spincoating

A. Elmansouria, A. Malaouib, A. Outzourhita, A. Oueriaglia, A. Lachkarc, N. Hadika,
M. E. Achourd, A. Abouelaoualima,and E. L. Amezianea

The poly(o-toluidine) (POT) were synthesized by chemically oxidization. Their thin films were fabricated by spincoating on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated glass substrate. A Schottky diode with configuration ITO/POT/Al devices is fabricated. The Current-Voltage characteristics of the devices were non-linear indicating rectification behavior. The observed current-voltage characteristics can be satisfactorily fitted using the modified Shockley equation. The diode parameters were calculated from I-V characteristics and discussed. On the other hand, the Capacitance-Frequency and Capacitance-Voltage characteristics are presented and discussed.

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Keyword: Schottky diode, electrical properties, spin-coating, substituted polyaniline.

a Laboratoire de Physique Solide et Couches Minces, Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, BP 2390, Marrakech - Morocco.
b Laboratoire de Génie Industriel, Faculté Polydisciplinaire, Université Sultan My Slimane, Béni Mellal - Morocco.
c Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Moléculaire, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Marrakech - Morocco.
d Laboratoire d’Automatique et des Micro-ondes, Département de physique, Faculté des Sciences, Kenitra - Morocco.
a.malaoui@ucam.ac.ma

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 44

Impact Of The Effective Conducting Path Effect (ECPE) On The Convergence Of The Evanescent And The Polynomial Models: Applied To The Submicronic MOSFET

A. Bouziane, A. Aouaj and A. Nouaçry

We present a comparative study of submicronic MOSFET characteristics using analytic models of electrostatic potential in the channel. We are particularly interested in the surface potential, threshold voltage, swing and DIBL using the polynomial model with and without ECPE and the evanescent model to analytically express the electrostatic potential. The results show a good agreement between the polynomial model including ECPE, the evanescent model and measures done by simulation tools.

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Keyword: submicronic MOSFET; evanescent model; effective conducting path effect; DIBL and Swing.

Laboratoire de physique de la matière et nanotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Sultan Moulay Slimane, BP523 Beni-Mellal, CP23000, Morocco.

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 45

Investigation In The Convergence Of The Evanescent Model And The Polynomial Model Including Effective Conducting Path Effect (ECPE): Applied To The Submicronic SG FD SOI MOSFET

A.Bouziane, A. Aouaj and A. Nouaçry

we are presenting a convergence study of the evanescent model and the polynomial model with and without the Effective Conduction Path Effect. These analytic models of the electric potential in the channel are used to analyze the short channel effect for the submicronic SG FD SOI MOSFET. Hereby, we figure out the 2D Poisson equation and we analytically write the surface potential, the threshold voltage, the DIBL and the sub-threshold slope. The results show a good agreement of the evanescent model and the polynomial model including the Effective Conduction Path Effect with measures done by simulation tools.

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Laboratoire de physique de la matière et nanotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Sultan Moulay Slimane, BP523 Beni-Mellal, CP23000, Morocco.

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 46

Mixed spin Ising model with four-spin interactions
and crystal field

M. Ghliyem and N. Benayad

A mixed spin Ising model consisting of spin-1/2 and spin-1 with four-spin interactions and crystal field anisotropy is studied by the use of the finite cluster approximation based on a single-site cluster theory. The state equations are derived for the square lattice. It has been shown that the phase diagram of the system depends on the strength of four-spin interaction and exhibits a variety of interesting features.

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Keyword: mixed spin, four-spin interaction, uniform crystal field.

Laboratoire de physique théorique et appliquée, département de physique, Faculté des sciences Ain Chock, B.P 5366, Université Hassan II,
Maârif Casablanca 20100, Morocco
.

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 47

Influence of the interface morphology on the magnetization of Magnetic/Non-Magnetic (Fe/Cu) multilayers:
a Monte Carlo investigation

A. Razouk, M. Sahlaoui, M. Sajieddine

A Monte Carlo investigation was used to study the magnetization of a Heisenberg multilayers system. Our model consists of an alternate staking of Magnetic and Non-Magnetic layers (M/NM) with disordered interfaces. The results indicate that the magnetization of multilayers M/NM depends on the atomic composition, the interface morphology and the exchange interactions at the interface.

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PACS: 87.55.K-, 75.70.-i, 67.30.er, 67.30.hp, 75.10.Jm.

Keyword: Monte Carlo simulation, Heisenberg model, Interface Morphology, Multilayers, Curie temperature.

Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique des Matériaux Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Soultan Moulay Slimane,
BP 523, 23000 Béni-Mellal, Morocco.

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 48

Dynamic Studies Of Biphenyl Benzoate Ferroelectric
Liquid Crystals

J. Hemine1,*, A. Daoudi2,3,4, C. Legrand2,5, A. El kaaouachi6, A. Nafidi6, N. Isaert2,7,8, H. T. Nguyen9

We present electro-optic and dynamic properties on three homologous of biphenyl benzoate series of ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) exhibiting the chiral smectic C phase (SmC*). Dielectric spectroscopy was used to provide the dynamics and dipolar ordering of the ferroelectric phase. The Goldstone relaxation mode was studied for sample cells on planar geometry without a DC bias voltage. The rotational viscosity corresponding to molecular motions in the SmC* phase was determined from electro-optic and dielectric measurements. The Arrhenius-type behaviour of the rotational viscosity was found and the corresponding activation energies were evaluated.

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1 Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Université Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, BP 146, F.S.T. Mohammedia, Morocco.
2 Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France.
3 ULCO, LDSMM, F-59140 Dunkerque, France.
4 CNRS UMR8024, F-59140 Dunkerque, France.
5 ULCO, LEMCEL, F-62228 Calais, France.
6 Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Faculté des Sciences Ibnou Zohr, BP 28/S 80000 Agadir, Morocco
7 USTL, LDSMM, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France.
8 CNRS UMR8024, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France.
9 Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Université de Bordeaux 1, 33600 Pessac, France
E-mail address: hemine1@yahoo.fr

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 49

Transverse Acoustic Waves In Finite Piezoelectric-Metal Superlattices

M. Alami1,*, E. H. El Boudouti1, B. Djafari-Rouhani2, Y. El Hassouani1,2

In this communication, we study the propagation of transverse acoustic waves in a finite superlattice (SL) constituted of alternating piezoelectric and metal layers. Our objective is to determine: i) the transmission and reflection coefficients through a finite SL, ii) the confined modes related to the finite size of the SL and iii) the possibility of existence of the acoustic Brewster angle in these systems.

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PACS: 43.20.+g , 68.35.Iv, 62.30.+d.

1 LDOM, Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohamed I, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
2 IEMN, UMR-CNRS 8520, UFR de Physique, Université de Lille 1, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 50

Numerical Modeling Of Electron’s Trajectories In Cold
Plasma By PIC Method

F. Bouanaka, S. Rebiaï, H. Bahouh, S. Sahli

This study is a contribution to the modeling of plasma discharges. The numerical model proposed is particle type, applied to argon plasma generated by a continuous discharge.
A microscopic particle model is used for solving the Boltzmann equation by considering a finite number of particles to represent the charged species. The study of the electrical behavior of plasma is performed using a PIC (Particle-In-Cell) model whitch is well suited for low-pressure no-collision plasmas. This model provides the plasma characteristics (potential, charge densities). The principle of the PIC method is based on sampling (mesh) in a 1D of the space of the reactor between two flat and parallel electrodes in which particles move under the action of electric field (applied). This method makes it possible to determine the values of electric fields (steady state and time) at every point of contact for any interpolation from the numerical values obtained by the method of finite differences.

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Keywords: Plasma, numerical modeling, PIC (Particle-In-Cell), particulate model, finite differences.

Laboratoire de Microsystèmes et Instrumentation (LMI), Département d'électronique, Faculté des sciences de L'ingénieur, Université Mentouri de Constantine, Algeria
s_rebiai@Yahoo.fr –fouzi.bouanaka@yahoo.fr

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 51

Development Of A One Dimensional Fluid Model, Application To Electropositive And Electronegative Gases In DC Discharge

H. Bahouh, S. Rebiaï, F. Bouanaka, S. Sahli

The objective of the work presented in this paper is to develop a numerical calculation program which simulates the behavior of charged species in deposition reactor by cold plasma in DC glow discharge. After applying some simplifying assumptions, we developed a model of fluid type in MATLAB using the numerical method of finite differences. We applied the model to simulate the plasma in the case of an electropositive (He) and an electronegative (SF6) gases in terms of spatial distribution of charged particles, electric field and electric potential between electrodes space.

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Keywords: Fluid model, atomic plasma, molecular plasma, finite differences, charged particles.

Laboratoire de Microsystèmes et Instrumentation (LMI), Département d'électronique, Faculté des sciences de L'ingénieur, Université Mentouri de Constantine, Algeria
s_rebiai@Yahoo.fr –fouzi.bouanaka@yahoo.fr

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 52

Coulomb Scattering Of An Electron In Strong Laser Fields

S.Taj1, B. Manaut2, Y.Attaourti1, S.Elhandi1 and L.Oufni3

In this work, we review and correct the first Born differential cross section for the process of Mott scattering of a Dirac-Volkov electron, namely, the expression (26) derived by Szymanowski et al [Physical Review A56, 3846 (1997)]. In particular, we disagree with the expression of they obtained and we give the exact coefficients multiplying the various Bessel functions appearing in the scattering differential cross section. Comparison of our numerical calculations with those of Szymanowski et al. shows qualitative and quantitative differences when the incoming total electron energy and the electric field strength are increased particularly in the direction of the laser propagation. Such corrections are very important since the relativistic electronic dressing of any Dirac-Volkov charged particle gives rise to these coefficients that multiply the various Bessel functions and the relativistic study of other processes (such as excitation, ionization, etc....) depends strongly of the correctness and reliability of the calculations for this process of Mott Scattering in presence of a laser field. Our work has been accepted [Y. Attaourti, B. Manaut, Physical Review A68, 067401 (2003)] but only as a comment. In this paper, we give the full details of the calculations as well as the clear explanation of the large discrepancies that their results could cause when working in the ultra relativistic regime and using a very strong laser field corresponding to an electric field in atomic units.

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PACS number(s): 34.80.Qb, 12.20.Ds

1 Laboratoire de Physique des Hautes Energies et d'Astrophysique, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad Marrakech, BP : 2390, Morocco
2 Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Science et Technique (LIRST), Faculté Polydisciplinaire Université Sultan Moulay Slimane Béni Mellal, BP : 523, Morocco.
3 Université Sultan Moulay Slimane, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Département de Physique, LPMM-ERM, BP : 523, 23000 Béni Mellal, Morocco.
E-mail: manaut@fstbm.ac.ma

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 53

Investigation Of A Circularly Polarized Laser Field For Mott Scattering Process Of Polarized Electrons

S.Taj1, B. Manaut2, Y.Attaourti1, S.Elhandi1 and L.Oufni3

We present a study of Mott scattering of polarized electrons in the presence of a laser field with circular polarization using the helicity formalism and the introduction of the well known concept of non flip differential cross section as well as that of flip differential cross section. The results we have obtained in the presence of a laser field are coherent with those obtained in the absence of a laser field. We have compared our results with those obtained by B. Manaut et al [5] who described the process of Mott scattering of polarized electrons in the presence of a laser field with linear polarization. Some differences in the theoretical results obtained are reported.

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PACS number(s): 34.50.RK, 34.80.Qb, 12.20.Ds

1 Laboratoire de Physique des Hautes Energies et d'Astrophysique, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Université Cadi Ayyad Marrakech, BP : 2390, Morocco.
2 Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Science et Technique (LIRST), Faculté Polydisciplinaire Université Sultan Moulay Slimane Béni Mellal, BP : 523, Morocco.
3 Université Sultan Moulay Slimane, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Département de Physique, LPMM-ERM, BP : 523, 23000 Béni Mellal, Morocco.
E-mail: manaut@fstbm.ac.ma

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Volume 12, Num 3 article 54

Optical Emission Spectroscopy Study Of RF Sputtered
A-C/WOX Interface

H. S. Ousmane1, T. Elasri2, E. Ech-chamikh1,*, M. Azizan1, A. Essafti1, Y. Ijdiyaou1 and A. Kaddouri2

Amorphous carbons on tungsten oxide (a-C/WOX) bi-layers were deposited on silicon substrates by rf sputtering. The WOX layers were obtained from a pure tungsten target, in a gas mixture of argon and oxygen, whereas those of a-C were obtained from a graphite target, in pure argon plasma. The reactivity of the a-C/WOX interface and the ion bombardment effects have been studied by Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) technique. The OES spectra show that the a-C/WOX interface is reactive in accordance with previous results obtained by X-ray reflectometry. The inter-diffusion depth is estimated to be greater than 56 nm. Emission lines of W are still observed even after an ion bombardment time of about 45 minutes. This result confirms the presence of the Knock-on effect.

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Keywords: Carbon, tungsten oxide, interface, ion bombardment, optical spectroscopy, RF sputtering.

1 Laboratoire de Physique du Solide et des Couches Minces, Département de physique, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, BP:2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco.
2 Équipe de Spectroscopie & Imagerie Atomiques des Matériaux, Département de physique, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, BP:2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco.
* E-mail : ech-chamikh@ucam.ac.ma

 

Copyright C The Moroccan Statistical Physical Society. [mjcm@fsr.ac.ma]. Last modification : December 2010 

ISSN : 1114-2073